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Mussolini wasn't that bad, says Berlusconi
[ABC Radio News, 18 September: Berlusconi apologises to
Italian Jews who claim it's not enough]
John Hooper in Rome
Friday September 12, 2003
The
Guardian
Even some of Silvio Berlusconi's own supporters and allies were last night
squirming with embarrassment at their leader's latest extraordinary gaffe.
In an interview published yesterday by the Spectator, Italy's prime
minister appeared to defend the actions of his country's fascist dictator,
Benito Mussolini.
"Mussolini never killed anyone," the magazine quoted him saying.
"Mussolini sent people on holiday to confine them [banishment to small
islands such as Ponza and Maddalena which are now plush resorts]."
Italy's fascist leader ordered the brutal 1935-36 occupation of Ethiopia,
led Italy into the second world war and headed a Nazi puppet government
which rounded up and dispatched Italian Jews to Hitler's concentration
camps.
Coming from a prime minister who relies heavily on the hard right,
"post-fascist" National Alliance, Mr Berlusconi's comments touched a
hyper-sensitive nerve in a country whose postwar democracy was founded on
an anti-fascist consensus. It raised for the first time since his return to
power two years ago the issue of how long his more moderate allies can
afford to support him without losing their credibility.
There was a near-apoplectic reaction from the leftwing opposition. Senator
Cesare Salvi, of the formerly communist Democratic Left, called Mr
Berlusconi's remarks "genuinely disgraceful". He said Mussolini's
victims
"cried out for vengeance".
Some of Mr Berlusconi's supporters defended his remark, expressed in the
context of a comparison with Saddam Hussein.
One leading member of his party tried to excuse it on the grounds that it
was not an "official phrase". But others made no attempt to hide their
dismay.
"I don't want to believe that the prime minister made the comments on
fascism reported by the news agencies," said Giorgio La Malfa, leader of
the small Republican party, which backs Mr Berlusconi's government.
"The fascist dictatorship was a ferocious one that killed and lethally
wounded its leading political opponents."
In a further, clear rebuke to the prime minister, Luca Volonté,
parliamentary leader of the Christian Democrat Union, an important
component of Mr Berlusconi's governing coalition, said: "Anti-fascism is a
value that unites. It unites the majority [in parliament]. It unites the
government with the opposition. It unites the country. To split over that
which unites is senseless."
The head of Italy's Jewish community, Amos Luzzatto, said he was "not
surprised. Just saddened".
The prime minister's comment appeared in the second set of extracts from an
interview which had already caused sparks to fly last week.
In the first part, Mr Berlusconi was quoted as saying that Italy's judges
were "mentally disturbed" and "anthropologically different"
from other
people.
But it was also the latest in a long line of intensely controversial
remarks from a leader who only this week declared that he had no intention
of being "politically correct".
In July, he opened a bitter rift with Berlin by telling a German MEP he
reminded him of a concentration camp guard.
Mussolini's biographer, Dennis Mack Smith, said the Italian fascist leader
was not a murderer on the scale of Hitler or Stalin but "had absolutely no
compunction in having people killed".
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